VAN & AKDAMAR ISLANDBreathtaking in the beauty of its surroundings, the ruined church of Akdamar
Island in Lake Van represents one of the most sublime examples of Armenian
religious architecture. The church is the sole remaining building of the
palace of Aght’amar built by the architect Bishop Manuel between
915 and 921 AD. Constructed during the reign of the Armenian King Gagik
Ardzrouni of the Vaspurakan dynasty, the complex of buildings originally
included streets, gardens and terraced parks surrounding the palace and
church. Constructed with a cruciform plan (cross-shaped) and a conical
roof domed on the inside, the building is made of red colored tufa stone
brought to the island from distant quarries.
Upon the outside walls of the church are extremely beautiful but much weathered stone reliefs by Armenian master carvers. These reliefs depict Biblical scenes with Adam, Eve, Abraham, David and Goliath, and Jesus as well as earthly themes, such as life at palace, hunting scenes and human and animal figures. A remarkable design of vines interspersed with animals carved in high relief encircles the exterior of the church. The manner these themes are worked show an influence of 9th and 10th century Abbasi art, which was itself influenced by Central Asian Turkish Art. Early descriptions and local legends tell that the relief carvings and the door to the church were set with precious stones, pearls and gold encrustations but these have long since disappeared. The interior church walls are decorated with frescoes showing religious themes but vandals and the elements have much degraded these once lovely paintings.
The name given to the island, Aght'amar, is explained by a local legend.
A nobleman who fell in love with a beautiful girl named Tamar visited the
island every night to see her. As he was crossing the lake one stormy night,
his boat capsized and fighting the waves, he drowned uttering the words
"Ach Tamar". Tamar, awaiting the arrival of her loved one, grieved
deeply upon hearing the news of his death and died soon after. Hence, the
island was called "Ach Tamar" (Aght'amar) ever since. Local folklore
also tells that the lake is enchanted and that angels go in and out of
the water. The island lies close to the shore Lake Van (Turkey’s
third largest lake) and is approximately 55 kilometers from the city of
Van. In the springtime, when the island’s trees are blooming
with fragrant flowers, the island is a place of truly enchanting beauty. |
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